Glagolica - grammar

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1. Special letters
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ch ... [kh] ... Russian writes it as x, I have not use the x from reason which is bellow,
µ ... [li] ... softened l,
à ... [ri] ... softened r,
... [si] ... softened s,
ï ... [di] ... softened d,
»
... [ti] ... softened t,
ò ... [ni] ... softened n,

è ... such a ch in the chip or cheep,
¹ ... such a sh in the ship or shot,
ì ... such the ye in the yellow,

ú, ù ... long u, both are relevant,
á, é, í, ý ... long a, e, i, y.

   The Slovio uses x as a special letter for è, ¹, ì etc. For example the word èarodìj, they rewrite as cxarodexj. I think so that it is good idea. And I didn't use a x in Glagolica for kh, because people which will read a texts in the Slovio and in the Glagolica could have troubles with this letter. Hey Mark, I gave you the x, do with it what you want. I don't need it. ;-)

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2. Nouns
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   In Glagolica we haven't animate and inamite models. We have 3 genders: masculine, femine and neutral. 2 numbers: singular and plural (dual form is used only in declension of numeral dva). And 7 cases: Nominative, ...
   The declension of nouns seems to be difficult, but don't wary. I developed this declension, such as whole grammar, from old pre-slavic language. This language was common father of our modern languages. So it may be very intuitive for you, I hope. And be sure that if you use a bad form of noun somewhere, that other slavs will understand you still.

Masculines nouns
 

sluga

syn

dom

dìò

gost

servant son hause day guest

Singular

Nominative sluga syn dom dìò gost
Genitive slugu syna domu dìnì gosta
Dative slugovi synu domu dìòu gostu
Accusative slugu syna dom dìò gosta
Instrumental slugom synom domom dìòom gostom
Locative slugovi synu domu dìnì gostu
Vocative slugo syne domu dìò gost

Plural

Nom., Voc. slugovja synovja domy dìni gosti
Gen. slugov synov domov dìnìj gostej
Dat. slugom synom domom dìnjom gostam
Acc. slugov synov domov dìnìj gostej
Instr. slugami synami domomi dìnjami gostami
Loc. slugoch synach domoch dìnjach gostach

   Models gost and syn can be mixed because their singular sounded the same way. Model gost included only masculine words which ends with -t in nominative singular, I hope.
Feminines nouns
  mama du¹ja krv osa kost ma»

mother

soul

blood

axis

bone

mother

Singular

Nominative mama du¹ja krv osa kos» ma»
Genitive mamy du¹je krve osi kosti matere
Dative mame du¹ji krvi ose kosti matery
Accusative mamu du¹ju krv osu kost mat
Instrumental mamoj du¹joj krvoj osoj kostoj materoj
Locative mame du¹ji krvi ose kosti materi
Vocative mamo du¹jo krv oso kost matero

Plural

Nom., Voc. mamy du¹je krve osy kosti matery
Gen. mam du¹ji krví osej kostej mater
Dat. mamam du¹jam krvam osam kostam materam
Acc. mam du¹ji krve osej kostej mater
Instr. mamami du¹jami krvami osami kostami materami
Loc. mamach du¹jach krvích osach kostach materach

Model krv mostly relative terms and parts of the body, like krv (blood)
Model ma» included mainly terms of relatives (mother, sister, daughter)
Neutral nouns
 

okno

pole

tele

nebo

window field calf sky

Singular

Nominative okno pole tele nebo
Genitive okna pola teleta nebesa
Dative oknu polu teletu nebesu
Accusative okno pole tele nebo
Instrumental oknom polom teletom nebesom
Locative okne pole teletu nebese
Vocative okno pole teleto nebeso

Plural

Nom., Voc. okna pola teleta nebesa
Gen. okon polej telet nebes
Dat. oknom polom teletam nebesim
Acc. okon pola telet nebes
Instr. okny polami teletami nebesami
Loc. oknoch polach teletach nebesich

 

Model  tele consist of words meaning animal cubs (dìtì, ¹èenì).

 

TOC * Introduction * 1. Special chars * 2. Nouns * 3. Adjectives * 4. Pronouns * 5. Numeral
6. Verbs * 7. Participles * 8. Verbal Nouns * 9. Prepositions and Particles * Vocabulary * APPENDIXIES


Slavoboj Richard Ruibar, Matica Slovanská, 1.3.2002
slavoboj@matica.org, www.matica.org
Slávu Slávom !